National Science Board Report Calls for Equity, Excellence and Opportunity in STEM: The United States’ ability to be not just a global leader but even a competitive participant in technology will depend largely on a massive infusion of women and underrepresented racial and ethnic minorities in the fields of science, technology, engineering and math, or STEM. Indeed, according to the National Science Foundation, there is evidence that even the nation’s top students are forgoing science and engineering careers, resulting in a 25 percent and 19 percent drop in engineering and mathematics, respectively.