Suspensions fall further in Montgomery County high schools -- Gazette.Net: The number of black and Hispanic high schoolers suspended from school fell in the second half of this past school year when compared with a year earlier, according to Montgomery County Public Schools data.
That continues a trend. School officials reported in March that, based on the first half of the school year, suspensions were down compared with the previous year, although more for white students than for their black and Hispanic peers.
School officials attributed the drop, in part, to professional development for staff that focused on race and equity.
While the schools have been looking at suspensions overall, the disproportionate numbers between ethnic and racial groups created a focus, said Christopher Garran, associate superintendent for high schools.
Wednesday, July 30, 2014
Classical Music Program Thrives in Milwaukee's Latino Community - NBC News.com
Schools must ‘shut up and listen’ to students | The Kansas City Star
He explains it in his book “Shut Up and Listen: Teaching Writing That Counts in Urban Schools.” It’s a way to “transform our schools from the silencing, oppressive places they are.”
Knaus is a professor of education and director of educational leadership at the University of Washington-Tacoma. He has taught in urban schools and worked with African American and Latino students to understand the silencing effect of Eurocentric curriculum, teachers and instruction.
“African American students consciously resist educational silencing through maintaining a voice that reflects cultural values and forms of expression,” the book notes. Often, however, that voice earns students of color no points with teachers because it is worlds away from how mostly white educators were raised, taught and grade.
ISLE students document Latino culture
This Wiki will serve Boise State and the greater community as a means of exploring Latino culture in Boise: from its history to present citizens and from restaurants to community resources.
Erin Gerry, a Spanish major pursuing her second bachelor’s degree, said she really appreciated the guest speakers who spoke during the first several weeks of the course. Gerry said one particular guest speaker, Rosaura Conley-Estrada, debunked stereotypes about Latino women. Conley-Estrada provided data showing Latino women only have one more child on average than white women in America, proving that the perception of Latino women having a lot of kids is incorrect.
Evansville fathers, other parent-figures, encouraged to participate in the 2014 Million Father March - story
As a way for men to show commitment to their children, families and communities, the Evansville Commission on the Social Status of African American Males and the Evansville-Vanderburgh County Human Relations Commission is inviting local fathers or male guardians to participate in the 2014 March, scheduled for Aug. 11, the first day of school for many local districts.
“Although symbolic, it is a very significant day in the lives of students,” said David Wagner, chairman of the Evansville Commission on the Social Status of African American Males. “Hopefully it’s an opportunity to prepare students for success. And it’s really to show, or extend a hand of partnership, between the schools, the community, the families and the students. It’s kind of extending that village approach.”
Another Reason Why Segregated Education Is Bad For Young Students
The study, from the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, used previously compiled data from the Department of Education to track how first-grade students' reading abilities change over time, depending upon whether they attend a racially segregated or integrated school. It found that black students in segregated schools tended to make smaller gains in reading than their black counterparts in more integrated schools. This held true even when researchers accounted for black students’ backgrounds.
The study defines a segregated school as one where 75 percent of its population is made up of minorities. Researchers used data from the 1998 – 99 Early Childhood Longitudinal Study on about 4,000 first-graders nationwide.
Decoding ethnic labels
Decoding ethnic labels: If you are of Latin American descent, do you call yourself Chicano? Latino? Hispanic?
As an undergraduate at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Carlos Hipolito-Delgado, PhD, knew instinctively that the ethnic labels his fellow students chose said something about their perception of themselves and their values.
"There was a very clear understanding that if you identified as a member of one group, you were not a member of the other groups," Hipolito-Delgado said. "If you called yourself Hispanic or Latino, then being called Chicano was a four-letter word."
Hipolito-Delgado, an associate professor in the School of Education & Human Development at CU Denver identifies himself as Chicano because he believes it's a way to recognize his indigenous ancestry. But his older brother identifies himself as Hispanic. His older sister identifies herself as Latina.
"We all grew up in the same house with the same parents," Hipolito-Delgado said. "But we all self-identify differently."
As an undergraduate at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Carlos Hipolito-Delgado, PhD, knew instinctively that the ethnic labels his fellow students chose said something about their perception of themselves and their values.
"There was a very clear understanding that if you identified as a member of one group, you were not a member of the other groups," Hipolito-Delgado said. "If you called yourself Hispanic or Latino, then being called Chicano was a four-letter word."
Hipolito-Delgado, an associate professor in the School of Education & Human Development at CU Denver identifies himself as Chicano because he believes it's a way to recognize his indigenous ancestry. But his older brother identifies himself as Hispanic. His older sister identifies herself as Latina.
"We all grew up in the same house with the same parents," Hipolito-Delgado said. "But we all self-identify differently."
African-American student success initiative at CSM to improve graduation rates -- SoMdNews.com
African-American student success initiative at CSM to improve graduation rates -- SoMdNews.com: Student success initiative at CSM
A newly launched male leadership and mentoring initiative, the Men of Excellence Mentoring Program, is working to improve retention, graduation and transfer rates for young African-American men who enter the College of Southern Maryland as first-time, full- or part-time students.
The Men of Excellence is a cohort-based model designed to accept students annually and to work with students to ensure they persist each semester until they transfer or graduate from CSM with an associate degree, certificate or letter of recognition, according to a news release from the college.
For the upcoming academic year, the program begins with the Men of Excellence Summer Academy that will be held Aug. 4 to 14.
A newly launched male leadership and mentoring initiative, the Men of Excellence Mentoring Program, is working to improve retention, graduation and transfer rates for young African-American men who enter the College of Southern Maryland as first-time, full- or part-time students.
The Men of Excellence is a cohort-based model designed to accept students annually and to work with students to ensure they persist each semester until they transfer or graduate from CSM with an associate degree, certificate or letter of recognition, according to a news release from the college.
For the upcoming academic year, the program begins with the Men of Excellence Summer Academy that will be held Aug. 4 to 14.
New book featuring Latino role models strives to inspire students to be all they can be | Latina Lista
From familiar icons such as Sonia Sotomayor, who graces the cover, Cesar Chavez and Dolores Huerta to trailblazers like Desi Arnaz, Helen Rodriguez Trias, Jaime Escalante and Roberto Clemente, the book features the life stories of 20 different iconic Latino role models. Yet, what makes this installment of Penguin’s American Heroes series unique is the book’s writer and illustrator.
Each story is written by California Poet Laureate Juan Felipe Herrera who keeps readers enthralled as they learn little known facts, along with, the famous accomplishments of these Hispanic trailblazers. Hand-in-hand with Herrera’s narration are the captivating illustrations by award-winning illustrator Raúl Colón.
OSU names new dorm after its first African-American male graduate | OregonLive.com
Seventy years later, Oregon State University will name its new $28 million dorm Tebeau Hall in honor of its first African-American male graduate.
Today there are laws against denying people housing, but in the 1940s, the culture on campus was different.
WSSU Hosts Program To Increase And Prepare Next Generation Of African American Teachers
The goal of the program is to increase, influence and prepare the next generation nationwide. The program will be at Winston-Salem State University through August 2.
It's a part the National Teacher Quality and Retention Program. The goal is to make certain that these young men are ready to compete in the work place.
"It's just giving the students basic principals they can hold on to," Dewey Norwood from Wells Fargo said. "Things they can use in the classroom for the students that their going to be working with."
About 30 students will attend lectures and workshops in the hopes of becoming educators of tomorrow
Increasing African American Male Teachers in Public Schools Benefits All Students | 88.5 WFDD
According to the National Center for Education Statistics, in 2012, there were 3.7 million full-time teachers in U.S. elementary and secondary schools. This number also includes private schools. Dr. Dawn Tafari, a member of the clinical faculty in the Education Department at Winston-Salem State University (WSSU), says less than two percent of those instructors are African American males.
This week, WSSU is hosting a forum focused on the next generation of African American male teachers.
Dr. Tafari says increasing the number in the classroom will help break negative social stereotypes some children and adults have about black men. “It’s important for children to see that black men are intelligent, loving, kind, wonderfully gentle with children and they want nothing more than to see children be successful,” says Dr. Tafari.
African American Male Students Mentor Teens in New Leadership Program at Roosevelt University
And five of Roosevelt’s African-American male undergraduates - education major Howard Brown (pictured above with several teens in a Wabash Building classroom), special education student Jason Curry, theatre major Jalen Eason, journalism student Josh Hicks and political science major Frank Pettis - are leading by example with advice about college as a means to success.
“We are focusing on positives, and that means giving young African-American males the support and tools they need to get ahead,” said Al Bennett, director of the St. Clair Drake Center, who came up with the concept for the program that the Drake Center could offer annually.
Experts: More Focus Needed on Guiding Native Americans to Doctoral Programs - Higher Education
Using data collected from the National Science Foundation, the Chronicle of Higher Education recently determined that the number of Native Americans receiving doctorate degrees is lower than it was two decades ago. According to the published data, only 149 Native Americans received doctorates in 2013.
The data was disputed in some quarters.
The trouble with it, says Dr. Malia Villegas, director of the Policy Research Center at the National Congress of American Indians, is that much of the data is self-reported and the sample is much smaller than the one her agency uses. She says that, based on her office’s data analysis, the number is actually significantly higher.
Tuesday, July 29, 2014
What We See In The Eric Garner Video, And What We Don't : Code Switch : NPR
The Garner case is already rippling out into broader political conversations, like the value of the "broken windows" strategy which targets low-level offenses that have made arrests climb in the city even as crime is near record lows. (Garner was initially approached by the police because he was suspected of selling untaxed cigarettes on the street.)
From Joseph Goldstein's New York Times story:
"I think we need to look at whether we still need these arrests," said Eric L. Adams, the Brooklyn borough president and a former captain of the New York Police Department.
"This is a good moment," he said, "to re-evaluate what comes after 'broken windows,' now that the windows are no longer broken."
Hine Awarded 2013 National Humanities Medal at White House - Higher Education
Hine, who is currently the Board of Trustees Professor of African American Studies and Professor of History at Northwestern University, was recognized by the White House “for enriching our understanding of the African American experience. Through prolific scholarship and leadership, Dr. Hine has examined race, class, and gender and shown how the struggles and successes of African American women shaped the Nation we share today.”
Guidance Counselors Key in Bid to Increasing Overall Access to College - Higher Education
Those were among the key points made Monday during a daylong White House college access seminar hosted at the Harvard Graduate School of Education.
“This is a great window of opportunity for all of us,” said former guidance-counselor-turned-education consultant Pam Martin, referring to the fact that college access has gained unprecedented attention from the White House as of late.
Monday’s meeting was a follow-up of sorts on the White House’s College Opportunity Agenda, launched earlier this year.
With attention on issues of college access from the highest levels of government, Martin said school systems and college access organizations must do more to expand the reach of what they do.
James Brown Is Celebrated in ‘Get On Up’ - NYTimes.com
There was a fluidity to his identity that was reflected in his many stage nicknames: Mr. Dynamite, the hardest working man in show business, Soul Brother No. 1, the Godfather of Soul and the Original Disco Man, as he variously billed himself. All enduring pop stars have the ability to shift with the culture, but Brown’s moves — from staunch integrationist to proto-black nationalist and back, from civil rights role model to wife beater, from disciplined bandleader to drug addict — suggest an inner turmoil that belied his outer confidence. Shortly after his death, I helped edit a collection of articles that spanned Brown’s long career, and in reading the pieces was struck by how many journalists saw the contours of the man but struggled to truly penetrate his psyche. With a feature film about to arrive and a coming documentary, it’s time to take stock of this imposing figure.
Italian Soccer Official Who Made Racist Comment Still Expected to Win Top Post - NYTimes.com
Yet Italy, which shared arguably the most beautiful final in World Cup history — against Brazil in 1970 — appears to be headed back to the dark ages of prejudice.
The goals that defeated Italy in that final 44 years ago were scored by Pelé, Gérson, Jairzinho and Carlos Alberto. No right-minded person could have questioned the mixed ethnic backgrounds of those players.
Now, however, in a knee-jerk response to Italy’s early elimination from the World Cup in Brazil, the leading candidate to head the country’s soccer federation made a public reference to Africans as “banana-eaters.”
Monday, July 28, 2014
Newark, N.J., Schools Probed After Claims Of Race Discrimination
Newark, N.J., Schools Probed After Claims Of Race Discrimination: NEWARK, N.J., July 23 (Reuters) - The U.S. Department of Education said on Wednesday it was investigating complaints that a plan to reorganize public schools in Newark, New Jersey, discriminates against black students.
A parent-led group in New Jersey's largest city has said that school closings and conversions to charter schools under the "One Newark" plan disproportionately affect black students.
"We can confirm that the Office for Civil Rights is investigating whether the Newark Public Schools' enactment of the 'One Newark' plan at the end of the 2013-2014 school year discriminates against black students on the basis of race," an Education Department spokesman said in a statement.
The investigation began this month, the department said.
A parent-led group in New Jersey's largest city has said that school closings and conversions to charter schools under the "One Newark" plan disproportionately affect black students.
"We can confirm that the Office for Civil Rights is investigating whether the Newark Public Schools' enactment of the 'One Newark' plan at the end of the 2013-2014 school year discriminates against black students on the basis of race," an Education Department spokesman said in a statement.
The investigation began this month, the department said.
How Protecting Wildlife Helps Stop Child Labor And Slavery : Goats and Soda : NPR
But ecologists at the University of California, Berkeley say there's also a human tragedy that frequently goes unnoticed: As fish and fauna are wiped out, more children around the world are forced to work, and more people are forced into indentured servitude, scientists wrote Thursday in the journal Science.
"My students, postdocs and I spent a year stepping back and trying to connect the dots between wildlife decline and human exploitation," says ecologist Justin Brashares, who led the study. "We found about 50 examples around the world."
One of those examples made international headlines in June when the Guardian published a report about slavery in the Thai shrimping industry.
Saturday, July 26, 2014
Race in Toyland: A Nonwhite Doll Crosses Over - NYTimes.com
“She has the Doc McStuffins sheets. She has the Doc McStuffins doll. She has the Doc McStuffins purse. She has Doc McStuffins clothes,” said Jade’s mother, Melissa Woods, of Lynwood, Calif.
“I think what attracts her is, ‘Hey, I look like her, and she looks like me,’ ” Ms. Woods said of the character, an African-American child who acts as a doctor to her stuffed animals.
With about $500 million in sales last year, Doc McStuffins merchandise seems to be setting a record as the best-selling toy line based on an African-American character, industry experts say.
Its blockbuster success reflects, in part, the country’s changing consumer demographics, experts say, with more children from minority backgrounds providing an expanding, less segregated marketplace for shoppers and toymakers.
Thursday, July 24, 2014
My son has been suspended five times. He’s 3. - The Washington Post
JJ was 4 at the time.
I agreed his behavior was inappropriate, but I was shocked that it resulted in a suspension.
For weeks, it seemed as if JJ was on the chopping block. He was suspended two more times, once for throwing another chair and then for spitting on a student who was bothering him at breakfast. Again, these are behaviors I found inappropriate, but I did not agree with suspension.
Still, I kept quiet. I knew my history. I was the bad preschooler.
I was expelled from preschool and went on to serve more suspensions than I can remember. But I do remember my teachers’ disparaging words. I remember being told I was bad and believing it. I remember just how long it took me to believe anything else about myself.
At 50, Upward Bound Still Opens Pathway to College - Higher Education
That was 34 years ago, but Wil Haygood ― the renowned journalist and author whose writing inspired the film The Butler ― says he remembers it “like it was yesterday.”
“I knew in my heart and soul that this was a monumental moment for little Wil Haygood,” he recalled.
At stake was a place in Upward Bound, founded as an experimental program in 1964 as part of Lyndon B. Johnson’s War on Poverty, with a goal of helping students from low-income families get a college education.
How Race Skews Prosecutions - NYTimes.com
How Race Skews Prosecutions - NYTimes.com: In the legal stratosphere where Supreme Court justices sit, racism may appear to be largely a thing of the past. But down on the ground, where citizens and law enforcement encounter each other daily, race still matters. That is the key finding of an extensive report issued last week on the prosecutorial practices of the Manhattan district attorney’s office, one of the biggest and busiest in the country.
The two-year study, conducted by the Vera Institute of Justice at the request of Cyrus Vance Jr., who took over as district attorney in 2010, found a pattern of racial disparities at multiple stages of the criminal justice process.
Even after controlling for factors like the seriousness of the charges and a defendant’s criminal history, blacks and Latinos were more likely than whites to be denied bail and more likely to be offered a harsher plea deal involving time behind bars. Blacks were also slightly more likely to be sentenced to prison than whites. When the charge was a misdemeanor drug offense, black defendants were 27 percent more likely than whites to get a plea offer that included incarceration.
The two-year study, conducted by the Vera Institute of Justice at the request of Cyrus Vance Jr., who took over as district attorney in 2010, found a pattern of racial disparities at multiple stages of the criminal justice process.
Even after controlling for factors like the seriousness of the charges and a defendant’s criminal history, blacks and Latinos were more likely than whites to be denied bail and more likely to be offered a harsher plea deal involving time behind bars. Blacks were also slightly more likely to be sentenced to prison than whites. When the charge was a misdemeanor drug offense, black defendants were 27 percent more likely than whites to get a plea offer that included incarceration.
Will Iraqi Blacks Win Justice? - NYTimes.com
Will Iraqi Blacks Win Justice? - NYTimes.com: BAGHDAD — Jalal Dhiyab Thijeel was tall, funny and handsome, qualities that should have made him a popular man in Basra, Iraq, where he lived. But he was also black, one of hundreds of thousands of Iraqis who have been pushed to the margins of society based on their skin color.
In 2003, inspired by the opening of Iraqi society after the American invasion and, later, by the success of Barack Obama in overcoming his own country’s history of racism, Jalal began to push for anti-discrimination laws in Iraq. For his audacity, Jalal was assassinated last year in Basra.
Most estimates show there are about 400,000 Iraqis who trace their origins back to sub-Saharan Africa, most of them living in the south around Basra, though a few push the count as high as two million. There are few written accounts of their early history in the country, though what records do exist show that the first of them arrived in what is now Iraq as slaves as early as the seventh century.
In 2003, inspired by the opening of Iraqi society after the American invasion and, later, by the success of Barack Obama in overcoming his own country’s history of racism, Jalal began to push for anti-discrimination laws in Iraq. For his audacity, Jalal was assassinated last year in Basra.
Most estimates show there are about 400,000 Iraqis who trace their origins back to sub-Saharan Africa, most of them living in the south around Basra, though a few push the count as high as two million. There are few written accounts of their early history in the country, though what records do exist show that the first of them arrived in what is now Iraq as slaves as early as the seventh century.
Saving Lives In South Miami, One Pool At A Time : NPR Ed : NPR
Eight-year-old Gary Kendrick and the others are all here for swim lessons.
"They told us to hold on to the wall and kick our feet and, like, move our arms," Kendrick says. "When I had to swim to one of the counselors I was really swimming. I ain't even know I was moving."
Kendrick doesn't have the technique of an Olympic swimmer, but he can make it to the side of a pool if he's pushed, falls in, or just wants to cool off.
Kendrick is one of a handful of kids from South Miami to get free swim lessons at Ransom Everglades, a private school with an Olympic-sized swimming pool. The kids—all over the age of 8, all black—are bused over from South Miami's community center once a week.
Wednesday, July 23, 2014
Code Switch Roundup: Big Stories On Race And Criminal Justice : Code Switch : NPR
Code Switch Roundup: Big Stories On Race And Criminal Justice : Code Switch : NPR: The past few days have brought a whole lot of important (and pretty sobering) news around race and policing. Here are some of the biggest stories that have landed on our radar.
Three-quarters of all stops by Newark police deemed unconstitutional
The tensions between residents and the police in Newark, N.J., are long-running. Like a bunch of other big cities in New Jersey, Newark has laid off a big chunk of its police force in recent years, and violent crimes, like carjackings, have been climbing. Some police say they are overworked. But many civilians have complained that they are regularly subjected to police harassment and mistreatment.
Three-quarters of all stops by Newark police deemed unconstitutional
The tensions between residents and the police in Newark, N.J., are long-running. Like a bunch of other big cities in New Jersey, Newark has laid off a big chunk of its police force in recent years, and violent crimes, like carjackings, have been climbing. Some police say they are overworked. But many civilians have complained that they are regularly subjected to police harassment and mistreatment.
Why I'm Excited About Black Captain America, Even If He Might Not Stick Around | ThinkProgress
Even among all the bright lights and C-list sci-fi stars and homemade costumes, you stand out. Especially among the homemade costumes. If you choose to cosplay as a black nerd, you find yourself with limited options. You can pick from among the small list of characters who actually match your race. Pretty much every black guy running around the convention floor is dressed like the Samuel L. Jackson-based Nick Fury. Or you can branch out and cross racial lines, wearing the costume as best as you can, knowing deep down that to portray the character as accurately as some of the others running around the hall rented out for the weekend is impossible.
But the impossible just got a little more possible: Marvel released an announcement late Wednesday night that someone new would be taking over as that most patriotic of heroes, Captain America. The iconic shield is being passed from Steve Rogers, the white man who has played the part almost constantly since World War II, on to a black man: Sam Wilson, better known as the Falcon in Marvel’s pages.
Granddaughter Of Redskins' Founder: 'They Need To Change The Name' | ThinkProgress
Granddaughter Of Redskins' Founder: 'They Need To Change The Name' | ThinkProgress: The granddaughter of George Preston Marshall, the man who founded the football franchise that now calls Washington home, has joined the list of people who think that it is time for the team to find a new name.
“They need to change the name,” Jordan Wright, who said she was Marshall’s granddaughter, told Leesburg Today columnist Leonard Shapiro recently (via Dan Steinberg). “In this day and age, it’s just not right.”
The Oneida Indian Nation, which has challenged the name with a public campaign against it over the last year, issued a statement applauding Wright.
“They need to change the name,” Jordan Wright, who said she was Marshall’s granddaughter, told Leesburg Today columnist Leonard Shapiro recently (via Dan Steinberg). “In this day and age, it’s just not right.”
The Oneida Indian Nation, which has challenged the name with a public campaign against it over the last year, issued a statement applauding Wright.
If You Want To Understand Why Mascots Like 'Redskins' Are A Problem, Listen To This 15-Year-Old Native American | ThinkProgress
If You Want To Understand Why Mascots Like 'Redskins' Are A Problem, Listen To This 15-Year-Old Native American | ThinkProgress: Dahkota Franklin Kicking Bear Brown can’t remember a time when he didn’t look forward to high school football games. But every year, there is one game on the annual Argonaut High School football schedule that Brown doesn’t enjoy.
“For as long as I can remember, I’ve always gone to my high school football games, and once I got into high school, it made it that much more fun being on the field,” Brown said Tuesday. “But there has always been one game I dreaded going to. One of our school’s biggest rivals is the Calaveras Redskins. Calaveras has always had an obscene amount of school pride, but little do they know how damaging their routines are, not only to the Natives in attendance, but most likely to the Native Americans who attend their own school.”
“For as long as I can remember, I’ve always gone to my high school football games, and once I got into high school, it made it that much more fun being on the field,” Brown said Tuesday. “But there has always been one game I dreaded going to. One of our school’s biggest rivals is the Calaveras Redskins. Calaveras has always had an obscene amount of school pride, but little do they know how damaging their routines are, not only to the Natives in attendance, but most likely to the Native Americans who attend their own school.”
Tuesday, July 22, 2014
President Obama Touts Expansion of Program for Minority Boys - Higher Education
Obama, who first announced his initiative in February, said Monday they plan to continue to build support for the program around the nation to ensure those who are the most risk will get the help that they need.
“This is a movement that we’re trying to build over the next year, five years, 10 years, so we can look back and say we were part of something that reversed some trends that we don’t want to see,” said Obama, who made the announcement of the initiative at the Walker Jones Education Center in Washington, D.C.
Stage Set for Showdowns Over Potential Contraction of HBCUs - Higher Education
Although financially ailing Elizabeth City State won’t benefit from the Koch money because the UNCF only supports private HBCUs, both situations focused attention on the plight of numerous Black institutions, especially smaller schools facing dwindling financial resources and enrollment declines.
Last September, the University of North Carolina System reported that Elizabeth City State faced a shortfall of $5 million, and UNC President Tom Ross warned that “hard decisions” were ahead.
At the time, ECSU’s enrollment for the fall 2013 semester was just over 2,400 students, a decline from about 3,300 in 2010.
Student-Centered Education for a Diverse 21st Century Population - Higher Education
Community colleges are best equipped to provide an educational experience that meets such high expectations. And, considering the fact that almost half of all students in the U.S. who are enrolled in a crowded higher education landscape are enrolled at community colleges, a diverse segment of students already have discovered the benefits engrained within this learning environment.
Jumbo’s to Close Its Doors - NYTimes.com
That was the early 1960s, before the restaurant became the soul-food landmark of black Miami, a place where the power brokers came to strike deals, gangsters arrived after dark and the corner table was reserved for older men with names like Chicken George. The fried chicken, Caribbean conch, liver and onions, and other tastes of home have been served up every night for nearly 60 years to celebrities, athletes and locals returning from nightclubs and Sunday church services.
The owners say that Jumbo’s, in Miami’s Liberty City neighborhood, was the first white-owned restaurant to employ and serve blacks. Nonetheless, the diner will close its doors for good on Wednesday after enduring years of white flight, riots, hurricanes and a fatal accident when a truck drove through the front window. The closing will end a six-decade run that epitomized the urban core’s struggle against blight and served as a time capsule of changing race relations.
Initiative aims to end 'schoolhouse to jailhouse pipeline'
Initiative aims to end 'schoolhouse to jailhouse pipeline': GWEN IFILL: Next: a major expansion of a national program aimed at improving the lives of disadvantaged young men, known as My Brother’s Keeper.
Greater access to early education, reducing school suspensions, and recruiting mentors, 25,000 of them, around the country, those steps are part of the expansion of the president’s effort to improve life chances for young men of color, often more likely to be expelled from school than to succeed.
Sixty of the country’s largest public school systems, who educate nearly three million boys of color, joined the effort today, as well as mayors, corporations like AT&T, nonprofits like the Emerson Collective, and the national Basketball Association.
Los Angeles Clippers point guard Chris Paul:
CHRIS PAUL, Point Guard, Los Angeles Clippers: With the My Brother’s Keeper initiative, this is our opportunity to stand together as athletes, as parents, as mentors, and as leaders in our communities to show our young men and boys of color with our action that we are behind them and that their success matters.
GWEN IFILL: No federal money is involved in the expanded multiyear effort, but the companies and foundations have pledged an additional $100 million to the effort. That follows $200 million pledged when the program was announced last winter.
Greater access to early education, reducing school suspensions, and recruiting mentors, 25,000 of them, around the country, those steps are part of the expansion of the president’s effort to improve life chances for young men of color, often more likely to be expelled from school than to succeed.
Sixty of the country’s largest public school systems, who educate nearly three million boys of color, joined the effort today, as well as mayors, corporations like AT&T, nonprofits like the Emerson Collective, and the national Basketball Association.
Los Angeles Clippers point guard Chris Paul:
CHRIS PAUL, Point Guard, Los Angeles Clippers: With the My Brother’s Keeper initiative, this is our opportunity to stand together as athletes, as parents, as mentors, and as leaders in our communities to show our young men and boys of color with our action that we are behind them and that their success matters.
GWEN IFILL: No federal money is involved in the expanded multiyear effort, but the companies and foundations have pledged an additional $100 million to the effort. That follows $200 million pledged when the program was announced last winter.
Monday, July 21, 2014
Writer Plumbs 'Nature Of Evil' In Hometown's Violent Civil Rights Past : NPR
Iles' hero, Penn Cage, is a former prosecutor and widowed single father who has returned to his childhood home. Once there, he finds himself confronting killers, corruption and dark secrets.
"Penn Cage I think of as annoyingly righteous sometimes," Iles says. "He's almost too good."
The author says he wanted to create a character who reflected the Southern men he knew growing up in Natchez.
"He is not, in any way, a traditional hero," Iles explains. "He's not always the actor who's committing all the things to make the story happen. In some ways, he's almost an observer sometimes. He is trying to figure out the 'why' of things."
The Youth Unemployment Crisis Hits African-Americans Hardest : Code Switch : NPR
Of course, discrimination could be a factor. But according to William Spriggs, an economist at Howard University, the trend is also being driven by a sluggish economy. As he told Morning Edition's Renee Montagne, there is still a backlog of Americans who are unemployed or underemployed as a result of the Great Recession, creating more competition for even minimum wage jobs. In a job market where many people with a college education are settling for jobs outside of their fields, a teenager looking for a summer job will find the market crowded.
Another big problem, says Spriggs, is the absence of adequate job information. In most states, companies are not required to publicly list all of their job openings. As a result, there are huge disparities in labor market information, based as much on who you know as what you know.
ACE Fellow Program Creating Pipeline to Presidency for Women, Minorities - Higher Education
As the founding director of the Social Justice Initiative (SJI) at Philander-Smith College, the Black political scientist, whose groundbreaking research focuses on the intersection of race, gender and politics, currently oversees service learning programs and other initiatives aimed at redressing inequities in society at the Little Rock, Arkansas, historically Black institution.
It’s a cabinet-level position that “interfaces with everybody” and reports directly to the president, says Jones, who held teaching stints at Clark-Atlanta University and Johnson C. Smith University before returning to his alma mater in 2011.
Next To Silicon Valley, Nonprofits Draw Youth Of Color Into Tech : All Tech Considered : NPR
In Oakland, Calif., next door to Silicon Valley, Armstrong stands behind a steel counter, making Burrito Supremes and ringing up customers. She counts pennies and quarters. She also gets orders from her bosses, who she says can be pretty condescending.
"They're just like, 'Oh, did you know that already?' Or, 'Can you do this?' " she says. "Yes, I've been doing it, for almost a year now."
Armstrong lives two lives. This first one, which starts as early as 5 a.m., doesn't challenge her or pay well. And that's why she set off in search of life No. 2: learning tech skills.
That's not an easy path, though. Technology companies have a problem when it comes to employee diversity.
Vandals target 'The Watch,' statues celebrating Tuskegee Airmen - chicagotribune.com
“This one is broken,” said 2-year-old David Molina-Kwan, in Chinese, to his mother as he looked up at the brightly colored statue of an aviator-goggle-wearing kid superhero, one of 13 installed on a grass slope along Chicago’s lakefront.
On Sunday morning, Chicago Park District employees were seen repositioning the sculptures, which had been tipped over and vandalized sometime overnight. At least one of them was beheaded. Others had puncture marks in the neck area, and several lost some fingers.
Sunday, July 20, 2014
Activists Demand FedEx CEO Deliver New Name For Washington Redskins
NCAI wrote a letter, set to arrive Wednesday, to Smith, asking for his help in getting the team to drop its name. Smith is a partial owner of the NFL team, and FedEx currently owns the naming rights of FedEx Field where the Redskins play. By targeting Smith, the NCAI is expanding its efforts beyond the National Football League franchise to now include the team’s corporate sponsors.
“At FedEx Field, your company is allowing its iconic brand to be used as a platform to promote the R-word — a racist epithet that was screamed at Native Americans as they were dragged at gunpoint off their lands,” NCAI writes in its letter, which was obtained by USA TODAY Sports. “FedEx’s brand is being leveraged to promote some of the most divisive messages ever conceived — the messages of segregation and hate.”
When Defending Your Writing Becomes Defending Yourself : Code Switch : NPR
Like many writers of color, I read Junot Diaz's "MFA vs. POC" on the New Yorker blog, and identified with his anger and sadness at the loss of voices of color to the "white straight male" default of the writing workshop — a group of writers gathering to critique one another's work. I have had "good" and "bad" workshop experiences, but for me whenever race comes up, it feels, somehow, traumatic. While most issues in workshop are presented as universal to story, race can come off as a burden personal to writers of color.
Saturday, July 19, 2014
Why An African-American Sports Pioneer Remains Obscure : Code Switch : NPR
In 1948, competing as Alice Coachman, she became the first African-American woman to win Olympic gold, breaking the U.S. and Olympic records in the high jump.
Chances are, you've never heard of her. Davis died on Monday at age 90 from cardiac arrest.
"It was because of her self-confidence, her ability to push through, that made the neglect feel all the more hurtful," says Jennifer Lansbury, author of A Spectacular Leap: Black Women Athletes in Twentieth Century America.
How Turbans Helped Some Blacks Go Incognito In The Jim Crow Era : Code Switch : NPR
At the time, ideas of race in America were quite literally black and white. In some places, if you could pass yourself off as something other than black, you could circumvent some amount of discrimination. People of color — both foreigners and African-Americans — employed this to their advantage. Some did it just to get by in a racist society, some to make a political statement, and others — performers and businessmen — to gain access to fame and money they wouldn't have otherwise had.
'A Turban Makes Anyone An Indian'
Chandra Dharma Sena Gooneratne was getting a doctorate at the University of Chicago in the '20s. Originally from Ceylon (now Sri Lanka), he traveled around America lecturing on the need to abolish the caste system and on India's push for independence from the British, among other topics.
Friday, July 18, 2014
July 17 Edition - Higher Education
We take a look at several HBCU issues, including the growth of unions at HBCUs across the country and recent efforts to close down small, struggling HBCUs. We also delve into Sherryl Cashin’s new book challenging race-based affirmative action and her subsequent media activity surrounding the recent release.
One Thousand HBCU Students to be Awarded Scholarships to Study in China - Higher Education
On July 9, Morgan State University president David Wilson, while leading the HBCU pilot network delegation during the 5th U.S.-China Consultation on People-to-People Exchange event, signed a Memorandum of Understanding along with Sheng Jianxue, the secretary general of the China Education Association for International Exchange (CEAIE), establishing the HBCU-Chinese Universities Collaboration. The collaboration includes the scholarship program, which begins this fall and runs through fall 2017, and authorizes the HBCU pilot network and Chinese institutions to pursue other institutional exchanges.
Both Sides Find Reason for Optimism After Latest Ruling on Texas Affirmative Action - Higher Education
Both Sides Find Reason for Optimism After Latest Ruling on Texas Affirmative Action - Higher Education: When federal judges on Tuesday upheld the University of Texas’ use of race as a factor in college admissions, the decision sent two important signals. To proponents of affirmative action, the ruling was confirmation that diversity, particularly race and ethnicity, in education is an essential and constitutional goal. To the opponents who have waged a six-year battle to end the consideration of race, the decision means the fight will go on — again.
The 2-1 ruling by the U.S. Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals in Fisher vs. The University of Texas at Austin was just the latest in a series of decisions resulting from orchestrated attacks on the use of race in college admissions. The latest decision also follows a Supreme Court ruling in April that upheld Michigan’s voter-mandated ban on affirmative action.
Leticia Smith-Evans, interim director of the education practice of the NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund, said the organization will continue to advocate for inclusive school environments at all levels of higher education and that students have access to higher education. The NAACP LDF has represented the Black Student Alliance at the University of Texas and the Black Ex-Students of Texas in the Fisher case.
The 2-1 ruling by the U.S. Fifth Circuit Court of Appeals in Fisher vs. The University of Texas at Austin was just the latest in a series of decisions resulting from orchestrated attacks on the use of race in college admissions. The latest decision also follows a Supreme Court ruling in April that upheld Michigan’s voter-mandated ban on affirmative action.
Leticia Smith-Evans, interim director of the education practice of the NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund, said the organization will continue to advocate for inclusive school environments at all levels of higher education and that students have access to higher education. The NAACP LDF has represented the Black Student Alliance at the University of Texas and the Black Ex-Students of Texas in the Fisher case.
MLK, science fiction, innovation and Afrofuturism - Blue Sky Innovation
So says Chicagoan Ytasha L. Womack, author of “Afrofuturism: The World of Black Sci-Fi & Fantasy Culture.” On Saturday in Chicago, she will conduct a workshop called Applying Afrofuturism.
Elements of Afrofuturism in art, film and music far predate the 1990s coining of the term. Think writer Octavia Butler and George Clinton’s Parliament-Funkadelic. More recently, the torch has been carried by pop and soul artist Janelle Monae; techno musicians Juan Atkins and Jeff Mills; the Wachowskis through their “The Matrix” franchise; and the School of the Art Institute of Chicago’s Nick Cave, the performance artist known for his Soundsuits.
Tech workers, creative thinkers and community organizers are looking to apply the principles to their work and communities, she said.
World marks Nelson Mandela Day
Mandela, the former president of South Africa and Nobel Peace Prize recipient, died at 95 on Dec. 5, 2013. This is the first time the day has been celebrated since his death. The day was unanimously approved in 2009 by the U.N. General Assembly. It was created to honor Mandela and inspire others to carry on his efforts to "take responsibility for making the world a better place, one small step at a time," according to a statement from the Nelson Mandela Foundation Initiative.
Thursday, July 17, 2014
For The Love Of Black Music : The Record : NPR
A feel-good, four-day super-event that glorifies soulful black music as a means of African-American community building, the Essence Festival feels more pressing and urgent than ever. Many of our trailblazing black female artist-activists have passed away in the last couple of years — Jayne Cortez, Ruby Dee and Maya Angelou come to mind. In their absence, it's been heartening to witness contemporary African-American artists furthering conversations about identity and community in the age of social media spectacle (I'm especially thinking about visual artist Kara Walker's eye-popping, controversial, lines-around-the-corner "A Subtlety" installation at the Domino Sugar Factory in Brooklyn, New York this summer).
Civil rights activists target Twitter over diversity
Civil rights activists target Twitter over diversity: SAN FRANCISCO — Civil rights activists are turning up pressure on Twitter to publicly release the gender and ethnic breakdown of its flock of employees. And they are doing it by waging an attention-grabbing campaign on Twitter.
Rev. Jesse Jackson's Rainbow PUSH Coalition and the civil rights organization ColorofChange.org say they will use Twitter as a bullhorn to call on the San Francisco company to share demographic information about its work force and to host a public forum on how it plans to increase the diversity of its staff.
At a session on Twitter at the Netroots Nation annual political convention in Detroit on Friday, activists will ask people to "tweet out" to Twitter. ColorOfChange is also asking its 1 million members to sign an online petition to add their voices to the campaign.
Rev. Jesse Jackson's Rainbow PUSH Coalition and the civil rights organization ColorofChange.org say they will use Twitter as a bullhorn to call on the San Francisco company to share demographic information about its work force and to host a public forum on how it plans to increase the diversity of its staff.
At a session on Twitter at the Netroots Nation annual political convention in Detroit on Friday, activists will ask people to "tweet out" to Twitter. ColorOfChange is also asking its 1 million members to sign an online petition to add their voices to the campaign.
Wednesday, July 16, 2014
Addressing the Crisis Among Men of Color in Higher Education - Higher Education
A native of Detroit, Anthony left home at age 15 to live with his grandparents to avoid difficult family circumstances. With the support of a village, including his family members, mentors and educators, Anthony became the first in his family to attend college and was elected student government president at Stillman College in Tuscaloosa, Ala. A former McNair Scholar, Anthony is currently pursuing a Ph.D. in educational administration at The University of Texas at Austin. He hopes to change the odds of opportunities for young men such as himself.
Anthony is just one of many men of color who faces a series of extra hurdles when it comes to pursuing college or a graduate degree. The representation of African-American and Latino men in higher education is the worst it has been in the last 30 years. Nationwide, African-American men comprise 7.9 percent of 18- to 24-year-olds, yet the average Black male enrollment rate at the nation’s 50 public flagship universities is only 2.8 percent of undergraduates.
Howard University Commemorates 50 Years of the Civil Rights Act - Higher Education
Half a century ago, activists and civil leaders realized the dream of ensuring full equality under the law for all citizens, regardless of race. In a packed auditorium at Howard University, the audience heard speeches and remarks on their achievements from Attorney General Eric H. Holder, Jr.; U.S. Department of Education Secretary Arne Duncan; Julian Bond, former chairman of the NAACP; and U.S. Department of Labor Secretary Thomas E. Perez; among others.
According to panelists and speakers, the legislation, monumental though it may be, has not provided the solution to contemporary problems of income and educational inequality that tend to fall most heavily upon minority populations. Dr. Wayne A. I. Frederick, interim president of Howard University, said, “The Civil Rights Act was a destination, an important one albeit, but not an end.”
Appeals Court Rules University of Texas Can Use Race in Admissions - Higher Education
In a 2-1 ruling, judges from the 5th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals found that barring the university from using race would ultimately lead to a less diverse student body in defiance of previous legal precedent that promoting diversity was an important part of education.
“We are persuaded that to deny UT Austin its limited use of race in its search for holistic diversity would hobble the richness of the educational experience,” the opinion stated.
Tuesday, July 15, 2014
Aldermen to hold hearing on low minority numbers at elite North Side schools - chicagotribune.com
Aldermen to hold hearing on low minority numbers at elite North Side schools - chicagotribune.com: A growing concern about declining enrollment of minority students at Chicago Public Schools’ highest-tier schools, particularly on the city’s North Side, will fuel a public hearing this morning.
Although the City Council Education and Child Development Committee has no power to make changes, aldermen will be asking CPS officials to explain the decline at selective enrollment schools and talking about ways to reverse it.
“The problem is that we see minorities are not well represented at selective enrollment schools, particularly on the North Side,” said Ald. Will Burns, 4th, one of the aldermen who called for the hearing.
That problem arises in part because students on the South and West Sides don’t always know they can apply to schools on the North Side, where white enrollment is higher, Burns added. “How do we do a better job of making sure folks now they can avail themselves of these options?” he asked.
Although the City Council Education and Child Development Committee has no power to make changes, aldermen will be asking CPS officials to explain the decline at selective enrollment schools and talking about ways to reverse it.
“The problem is that we see minorities are not well represented at selective enrollment schools, particularly on the North Side,” said Ald. Will Burns, 4th, one of the aldermen who called for the hearing.
That problem arises in part because students on the South and West Sides don’t always know they can apply to schools on the North Side, where white enrollment is higher, Burns added. “How do we do a better job of making sure folks now they can avail themselves of these options?” he asked.
To Close the Achievement Gap, We Need to Close the Teaching Gap | Linda Darling-Hammond
To Close the Achievement Gap, We Need to Close the Teaching Gap Linda Darling-Hammond: For years now, educators have looked to international tests as a yardstick to measure how well U.S. students are learning 21st-century skills compared to their peers. The answer has been: not so well. The U.S. has been falling further behind other nations and has struggled with a large achievement gap.
Federal policy under No Child Left Behind (NCLB) and the Department of Education's 'flexibility' waivers has sought to address this problem by beefing up testing policies -- requiring more tests and upping the consequences for poor results: including denying diplomas to students, firing teachers, and closing schools. Unfortunately, this strategy hasn't worked. In fact, U.S. performance on the Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) declined in every subject area between 2000 and 2012 -- the years in which these policies have been in effect.
Federal policy under No Child Left Behind (NCLB) and the Department of Education's 'flexibility' waivers has sought to address this problem by beefing up testing policies -- requiring more tests and upping the consequences for poor results: including denying diplomas to students, firing teachers, and closing schools. Unfortunately, this strategy hasn't worked. In fact, U.S. performance on the Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) declined in every subject area between 2000 and 2012 -- the years in which these policies have been in effect.
Physical Fitness Eliminates Achievement Gap
So what are educational professions to do? Despite providing all children with the same teachers and curriculum, they can’t do anything about the circumstances that kids are saddled with before and after the bell.
One way to narrow this so-called achievement gap? Exercise.
Back in 2012, using physical activity to help low-income schoolchildren gained popularity after a study showed that it could be of significant help to them. Short, 12-minute bursts of exercise like those used in the study could have the obvious effect of releasing the extra energy that little kids seem to harbor.
But would exercise help college-age low-income students as well? Further research was performed by Michele Tine, an assistant professor of education at Darthmouth College in New Hampshire.
Sure enough, a little bit of physical exertion helped focus that age group too, regardless of income. A test measuring students’ ability to focus on stimuli while ignoring distractions found that scores shot up for all who did a workout beforehand, while remaining unchanged for the control group. Tine’s results were recently published in the journal Frontiers in Psychology.
Civil rights' new challenge: Closing the educational achievement gap (Opinion) | NJ.com
Yet too many Americans — especially the urban poor who are overwhelmingly of color — cannot escape the hopelessness that comes with poverty and unemployment, the sting of discrimination, and the barriers to opportunity imposed by social neglect and urban conditions beset by violence. The stubborn persistence of these social ills is a stain on our society, and the civil rights challenge of our time.
One of the first targets of the civil rights movement was public education, with its segregated schools, unequal resources and poverty of aspiration for African-American students. But public school integration led to a new form of segregation. Today, the nation’s urban public schools fail our society’s most vulnerable children on an extraordinary scale.
What I Learned While Mentoring Native Journalism Students - ICTMN.com
For instance, while helping my assigned students at the Native American Journalists Association’s Project Phoenix/Native Voices project in Santa Clara, California in early July, I learned which American tribe has the second-most native speakers. Everybody knows the Navajo have a thriving population of Native speakers, the most in the country, but I was surprised to find, via Census Bureau numbers, that the Yup’ik have the second highest total, about 150,000.
Doing a little research into the federal tribal recognition process, I was surprised to find that more than 300 tribes, in 44 states, have currently petitioned the government for tribal status. California alone has 81 groups vying for recognition, including the Muwekma Ohlone tribe, less than five miles from the convention site. The only states that don’t have current applicants are Hawaii, Iowa, Nebraska, South Dakota, New Hampshire, and Wyoming.
Students dig for Native American artifacts - Pittsburgh Post-Gazette
She had found an intact arrowhead used between 1200 and 1550 A.D. The artifact is one of many the group of Clarion University of Pennsylvania students has found as they slowly piece together the history of the people who once lived in what now is the Allegheny National Forest.
“We are learning how they used the land and how they interacted with other groups,” said Clarion anthropology professor Susan Prezzano.
She said the people who once occupied the area were most likely Iroquoian speakers, but it is still too early in the process to pin down their identity.
The class finished a monthlong excavation season Thursday of a site near West Hickory, about two hours northwest of Pittsburgh in Forest County.
Latino and African-American Academic Success Improves, But Gaps Remain - College Bound - Education Week
Latino and African-American Academic Success Improves, But Gaps Remain - College Bound - Education Week: The number of Latinos who leave high school having taken the ACT has nearly doubled in the past five years. Still, fewer than half of Latino graduates who took the ACT met any of its college-readiness benchmarks.
The volume of Latino high school students sitting for at least one Advanced Placement exam has tripled between 2002 and 2012. Yet, among Latino students with high potential for success in AP math, just three out of 10 took any such course.
Despite gains in access, when they finish high school, Latinos are more likely than their white peers to attend for-profit colleges or community colleges, as opposed to four-year univerities where graduation rates are typically higher.
These are some of the statistics included in a new brief, "The State of Education for Latino Students," released by The Education Trust June 30. It paints of picture of both progress and challenges ahead, as does the companion publication that came out June 23 on education for African-American students. Last fall, the Washington-based education advocacy group released a similar document on the status of native students.
The volume of Latino high school students sitting for at least one Advanced Placement exam has tripled between 2002 and 2012. Yet, among Latino students with high potential for success in AP math, just three out of 10 took any such course.
Despite gains in access, when they finish high school, Latinos are more likely than their white peers to attend for-profit colleges or community colleges, as opposed to four-year univerities where graduation rates are typically higher.
These are some of the statistics included in a new brief, "The State of Education for Latino Students," released by The Education Trust June 30. It paints of picture of both progress and challenges ahead, as does the companion publication that came out June 23 on education for African-American students. Last fall, the Washington-based education advocacy group released a similar document on the status of native students.
Which health messages will reach African American students? | UMSL Daily
Sha-Lai Williams, assistant professor of social work, and Stephanie Van Stee, assistant professor of communication, have obtained a $45,000 University of Missouri Research Board Grant to study which messages are most likely to encourage African American college students to seek help.
African Americans are about half as likely as the general population to seek support for mental health needs, and college students have utilization rates of 20 percent or less, Williams said. The problems of utilization are compounded when individuals are members of both populations.
“Students with untreated mental illness will be less likely to graduate, secure employment and more likely to be homeless,” Williams said. “It’s a hodgepodge of risk for this particular population.”
African American student success initiative to improve graduation rates - Southern Maryland News
The Men of Excellence is a cohort-based model designed to accept students annually and to work with students to ensure they persist each semester until they transfer or graduate from CSM with an associate degree, certificate or letter of recognition.
For the upcoming academic year, the program begins with the Men of Excellence-Summer Academy Aug. 4-14. The academy provides students with an orientation to CSM and its resources through student engagement, summer academic enrichment, team building and leadership development prior to the beginning of the fall semester. Academy benefits include a textbook stipend for the CSM College Store, transportation voucher, lunch, and student and faculty networking.
“The college has taken a proactive approach toward championing behind student success efforts aimed at eliminating the achievement gap and thereby improving graduation rates among students who are most at risk for non-completion due to a number of factors,” said Executive Director for Institutional Equity and Diversity Makeba Clay. “Research has shown that building close faculty advising and peer mentoring relationships can actually reverse a growing national trend of college success gaps. The CSM program will prepare students to experience a greater level of academic success,” said Clay.
UCLA settles claim by African American judge over traffic stop - LA Times
Los Angeles County Superior Court Judge David S. Cunningham, who is a former president of the Los Angeles Police Commission, and his attorney will receive $150,000. An additional $350,000 will establish a scholarship fund named after Cunningham and administered by the UCLA Black Alumni Assn. for undergraduate or law students, according to a statement from both sides in the dispute.
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